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Cheat Mountain Salamanders are only found in a small portion of the high Allegheny Mountains in eastern West Virginia. Originally it was thought that its range was limited to Cheat Mountain above 3,500 ft (1100 m), in Randolph and Pocahontas counties. Later studies in the 1970s and ‘80s identified populations in Pendleton and Tucker counties, and even more recently at the eastern edge of Grant County. This threatened salamander has decreased in population due to destruction of its original red spruce forest habitat, pollution, drought, forest storm damage, and competition with other salamanders, particularly its relative, the Red-backed Salamander.

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